Teach English in Langao Zhen - Yantai Shi

In English, there are four present tenses: simple present, present continuous,present perfect and present perfect continuous. Simple Present Form: Use the base form of a verb, adding an /s/ to the end of the verb if the subject is singular. (Unless the verb is irregular, in which case other rules may apply.) Uses: Use 1: Actions that are habitual or routine EXAMPLES: The sun rises. I brush my teeth twice a day. Use 2: General, timeless facts EXAMPLES: Spiders make webs. Babies drink milk. Use 3: Narrative style (used when recalling past events or announcing things that are happening in the moment) EXAMPLES: So I go to the store yesterday, and the clerk says “We’re closed!” He hits the baseball out of the field and makes a home run! Use 4: The “real” present (things that are happening right now), but ONLY when the verb is stative. Stative verbs* deal with the way the subject is, instead of what the subject does. EXAMPLES: That car looks old. They think that’s a bad idea. Teaching idea : asking students about their hobby and interests. The more student talk the more they will use present simple tense appropriately. Present Continuous Form: The present tense of “to be” (am/is/are)+ verb + ing Uses: Use 1: The “real” present (things that are happening right now), for all verbs except stative verbs EXAMPLES: I am sitting down right now. He can’t come to the phone because he is working. You can’t see the children because they are hiding. Use 2: Temporary actions that may not be happening right now, but have not yet been completed EXAMPLES: I am taking an English course. The truck is being repaired. Plans are being made. Teaching idea: Draw two images on the board and ask questions about it by comparing these two pictures. Students do mime for representing to other students. Present Perfect Form: Have or has + past form of a verbUses: Use 1: Actions that started in the past, continue into the present, and may continue into the future EXAMPLES: The children have felt sick ever since they ate lunch. My neighbor has lived next door to me for two years. Use 2: Separate actions that happened in the past and may happen again in the future EXAMPLES: That man has traveled overseas several times. We have eaten at that restaurant once or twice. Use 3: Recently completed actions that still influence things happening in the present EXAMPLES: The sun has risen and you need to wake up. They have finished their meeting, so now they can go. Teaching ideas: Ask questions have you ever done this? Compare and contrast two pictures. Present Perfect Continuous Form: Have or has + been + verb + ing Uses: Use 1: Actions that started in the past, continue into the present, and may continue into the future (note that this is the exact same use and meaning as Use 1 of present perfect) EXAMPLES: The children have been feeling sick ever since they ate lunch. My neighbor has been living next door to me for two years. Teaching idea: show students some pictures and ask why is this like that? Use cue cards and speaking time is for two minutes. The past is important. It’s where we’re all from. We need to use past tense to describe most of our personal experiences, as well as things that have happened to other people. In fact, there’s an entire academic field devoted to studying the past: history. There are four past tenses, and nine total ways to use the past tense. Simple Past Form: Take the base verb and change the word form to the past tense form. Usually this means adding /ed/ to the end of the word. However, much like simple present tense, there are a lot of irregular verbs with different past tense forms. Uses: Use 1: Actions completed in the past: EXAMPLES: The scientists conducted an experiment. They thought the experiment would prove their theory. Teaching idea: Ask questions regarding yesterday or last night like what did you eat yesterday? What did you do last night? Past Continuous Form: The past form of “to be” (was, were) + verb + ing Uses: Use 1: Describing a past action that hasn’t been completed yet EXAMPLES: I was trying to fix the car this morning, but I’m not done with the repairs yet. At 11pm, I was still working on my homework. Use 2:Describing a past action that was interrupted by another action EXAMPLES: The radio station was broadcasting music when the music was interrupted by an important announcement. I was trying to sleep when I heard a knock at my door. Use 3: When describing two past events that took place at the same time, this tense is used to describe the longer of the two events. EXAMPLES: Marco Polo contacted Chinese merchants and leaders while he was travelling the world. She burned herself while she was cooking dinner. Use 4: Describing a past action that took place in a specific time period and may have continued afterward EXAMPLES: The science team was conducting research as recently as last month. Many students were feeling depressed in February. Teaching ideas: use cards and ask what people were doing at that time? Compare and contrast with past simple Vs past continuous tense. Past Perfect Form: had+ past form of a verb Uses: Use 1: When describing a series of actions, use past perfect to describe the action that happened first EXAMPLES: I had gone home; then I read a book and fell asleep. The lawyers had slowly worked toward an agreement that was acceptable for everyone; then they printed the agreement and gave it to their clients. Use 2: When you are describing two past actions that take place at the same time, you can use past perfect tense to describe the shorter action. The longer action can be described using simple past tense or past continuous tense. EXAMPLES: Marco Polo had contacted Chinese merchants and leaders while he traveled the world. She had burned herself while she was cooking dinner. Use 3: Describing a past action that was finished in a specific time period: EXAMPLES: The science team had conducted research as recently as last month. Many students had felt depressed in February. Teaching idea: Draw a line graph or bar graph on the board. Ask students to describe both of these graphs and guess what had done in thess graphs. Teaching idea: Draw two pictures and ask students to elaborate these pictures by doing compare and contrast. Past Perfect Continuous Form: had + been + verb + ing Uses: Use 1: Describing an action that began further in the past than other actions, but overlaps with actions that began later. EXAMPLES: Chiang Kai Shek had been leading his political followers for many years when he and his followers fled from China to Taiwan. She said she had been working in a hospital when World War II started, and she worked there for many more years. Use 2: Describing an a past action that was interrupted or stopped by another action. EXAMPLES: He had been driving in his car for more than two hours, but then he stopped to rest. She said she had been teaching at Harvard, but she retired. Use 3: Describing an action that caused a later action. EXAMPLES: The water had been running from the faucet, and it got all over the floor. His muscles had become large, because he had been lifting weights. Teaching idea: Guessing what someone has been doing yesterday? Simple Future tense Form: Will/shall + base form of verb Uses: Use1:Too predict a future event: Example:It will rain tomorrow. Use 2:With I or We, to express a spontaneous decision: Example:I'll pay for the tickets by credit card. Use 3:To express willingness: Examples: I'll do the washing-up. He'll carry your bag for you. Use 4:In the negative form, to express unwillingness Example: The baby won't eat his soup. I won't leave until I've seen the manager! Use5:With I in the interrogative form using "shall", to make an offer: Example:Shall I open the window? Use 6:With we in the interrogative form using "shall", to make a suggestion: Example: Shall we go to the cinema tonight? Use 7:With I in the interrogative form using "shall", to ask for advice or instructions: Examples: What shall I tell the boss about this money? With you, to give orders: You will do exactly as I say. Use 8: With you in the interrogative form, to give an invitation: Examples: Will you come to the dance with me? Will you marry me Teaching ideas: talk about hopes and their expectations for this year. What are their future plannigs? Future Continuous Form: Will + be + verb + ing. (Will be running, will be trying, and so on.) Uses: Use 1: Describing a future event. This pretty much the same as Use 1 of Simple future, as seen in the previous post on “future talk”. EXAMPLES: I will be arriving to work late tomorrow because I need to take my son to the doctor first. I will be seeing you next week. Use 2: Predicting an event that will still be in progress in the future. This is kind of like Use 1 of future perfect continuous, but much simpler. In future perfect continuous, you need to specify the future point in time and the duration of the future event. However, in future perfect, saying an event will be in progress in the future is the only thing you need to do. EXAMPLES: When you get to their house, they will be cooking dinner. On Sunday, I will be playing video games for a few hours. My father works very hard right now, but soon he will be enjoying his retirement. Teaching ideas: Guessing the future year,Guess action from the points in time, guessing the perfect point. Future Perfect Continuous Form: Will + have been + verb + ing. (Will have been thinking, will have been driving, etc..) Uses: Use 1: Use future perfect continuous to predict that an action will still be in progress at a specific time in the future. You must also describe how long the action will have taken at that point in the future. EXAMPLES: He will have been sleeping for five hours by 5am, and he’ll probably keep sleeping until at least 7am. Teaching idea: fortune telling,palm reading,winning the lottery what will you do? , Predicting future changes in the next x years. Arranging dates/diaries, illustrative situations. Choose a famous historical personage and note down important dates in his/her life . Make predictions based on evidence. For a proper learning , it is mandatory to take progress tests on equal intervals of time too. It will helps in predicting future results and corrections need to make where and when.