One unique aspect of a
tefl class compared to your average class is the ever-present gap between the culture of the
teacher and the culture(s) of the student, particularly for the
teacher living and working abroad and in a monolingual class. This can create unique problems for understanding and communication, and greatly increases the chances of accidentally upsetting someone. It is the responsibility of
teachers and students to find a way to bridge this gap. One of the best ways to do this is through cultural learning. It is generally accepted that language is a cultural phenomenon, and that it cannot be separated from its culture. In order to be able to fully grasp the language that they are learning, students need to have an idea of its cultural context. This presents itself in second language classrooms commonly in
canada; in any language class I have ever taken there was always some kind of cultural background provided. In classes in
canada, this serves the purpose to facilitating understanding of language first, and has the secondary function of teaching culture. In
efl classrooms, giving cultural backgrounds serves these purposes as well providing some information to the students about the
teacher's culture.
Cultural sensitivity is also important when
teachers are picking subjects for lessons. Some subjects are not appropriate to discuss in some culture that a
tefl may find themselves living. Politics, for example, is not an issue that is always smart or safe to talk about within a classroom. I was a volunteer
teacher for a group of Tibetan medical students in western
china and I had been warned to stay away from any political topics as there may be a risk not only for myself, but even more for the students. This was a concept that was new to me, as many of my
teachers had actually made a point to encourage us to develop critical political perspectives. This was a perfect example of how different cultural contexts can be and how greatly it affects what happens in the classroom.
teachers need to keep in mind that a different country will have different rules, and even if they do not necessarily agree with the rules, they need to abide by them as long as they hope to live and work in that country.
It is also wise for
teachers to adjust their expectations of students to what cultural norms may be. For example, students in some cultures may not be quick or enthusiastic to get involved in any debate or opinion giving activity. In many Asian cultures, it is very rude to call a person out on their mistakes or wrongdoings, particularly if there is an issue of status or hierarchy. It is custom to allow the person to 'save face'. Thus, it would be unrealistic to expect students within that particular cultural context to be comfortable in any kind of confrontational activity, even if just for fun.
Some
efl teachers have found that when students and
teachers reach the point of acceptance and adaptation they can begin to get over the difficulties of cross-cultural barriers to communication (Cartlidge, 2006). Through accepting that there are differences between cultures and adapting behaviour, strategies and lessons to suit everyone,
teachers and students can reach a point of understanding.
Sources
Cakir, I. (2006) Developing Cultural Awareness In Foreign Language Teaching
https://tojde.anadolu.edu.tr/tojde23/pdf/article_12.pdf