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To know and understand a language better, students should understand its structure really well. Grammar is an area of English that strikes fear to both teachers and students. So, what exactly is the simplest basic structure of the English language? It is the basic sentence. Each sentence must consist of a subject and predicate. It can also be classified according to its purpose and the meaning that it adds. This classification is called parts of speech. The first part of speech is called a NOUN. It is the name of person, place, things and ideas. It can be categorized into countable or uncountable. Countable are nouns that can be counted such as apples, cars , books etc. They can be preceded by articles a, an, the and can be used in the plural form. Uncountable nouns are things that can't be counted.They can't have the articles a, an, the and don't have plural form. Nouns have subcategories as well. Nouns could be common, proper, compound or collective. Second is the adjective. Adjectives are to describe nouns such as people and things.It gives more information about the noun in the sentence. In describing a noun, it should follow a specific order. The basic order is size, age , color, material and then the noun. Possessive Adjective is usually use to show ownership. It comes before a noun in a sentence such as my, your, his , her etc.When comparing people or things, adjectives could be changed into its comparative and superlative form. Third is the adverb. These are words that describe the verbs. There are different types of adverbs. These are adverbs of manner, place, time , frequency and degree. Adverbs should be place after the object of a transitive verb and immediately after the intransitive verb. Fourth is the verb. These are called the action words. It could be transitive or intransitive. A transitive verb is a verb that is directly followed by an object whereas an intransitive verb cannot be followed directly by an object. It simply " does the action" Verbs have four principal forms. These are the base, past simple, past participle and present participle. Fifth is the article. Articles are words that define a noun. It could be definite such as the word "the" or indefinite such as " a or an". The sixth part of speech is conjunction / preposition. Conjunctions are words that connect words, phrases, clauses or sentences such as and, because, but, if and when. Prepositions show relationship between a noun or pronoun. It could be categorized into time/date , movement and place/ position. Seventh is pronoun. It takes the place of a noun. It could be personal, reflexive, relative or possessive. And the last part of speech is Gerund. Gerund is the ing form of the verb. It is used in the same way as the noun. Learning the parts of speech will help the students understand the language functions of the the English language. It requires practice so students can improve reading and writing skills in no time.
